How does the Disputes Tribunal (small claims) work in NZ?

The Disputes Tribunal (formerly the Small Claims Tribunal) is a fast, informal, and low-cost way to resolve civil disputes in New Zealand.

What it covers:

• Claims up to $30,000 (or $50,000 if both parties agree)
• Contract disputes, faulty goods, property damage, debt recovery
• Consumer Guarantees Act claims, Fair Trading Act claims

What it does NOT cover:

• Employment disputes (these go to the Employment Relations Authority)
• Tenancy disputes (these go to the Tenancy Tribunal)
• Criminal matters

How it works:

File a claim online at disputes.govt.nz — $45–$180 filing fee depending on amount

Both parties are notified and attend a hearing (in person or by audio/video)

A Referee (legally trained) hears both sides and makes a binding decision

No lawyers are allowed — you represent yourself

Decisions are usually made within 4–6 weeks

Enforcement: If the other party doesn't comply with a Tribunal order, it can be registered as a court judgment and enforced through the District Court.

Tips for claimants:

• Bring all written evidence (contracts, receipts, emails, photos)
• Be factual and specific about what happened and what you want
• Know the dollar amount you are claiming and how you calculated it

Source: Disputes Tribunal Act 1988 — disputes.govt.nz